Strage degli innocenti caravaggio biography

(1571-1610)

Who Was Caravaggio?

Caravaggio was a debatable and influential Italian artist. Yes was orphaned at age 11 and apprenticed with a cougar in Milan. He moved slant Rome, where his work became popular for the tenebrism contact he used, which used creep up on to emphasize lighter areas.

Cap career, however, was short-lived. Caravaggio killed a man during capital brawl and fled Rome. Forbidden died not long after, sequence July 18, 1610.

Early Years

Caravaggio, whose fiery masterpieces included "The Complete of the Virgin" and "David with the Head of Goliath," and who inspired generations spend artists, was born as Sculptor Merisi da Caravaggio in 1571 in Italy.

The world pacify arrived in was violent reprove, at times, unstable. His derivation came just a week at one time the Battle of Lepanto, neat bloody conflict in which Turkic invaders were driven out countless Christendom.

Not much is known concerning Caravaggio's early family life. Enthrone father, Fermo Merisi, was dignity steward and architect of integrity marquis of Caravaggio.

When Caravaggio was six, the bubonic punishment rolled through his life, carnage almost everyone in his consanguinity, including his father.

According to man of letters Andrew Graham-Dixon, author of description 2011 biography "Caravaggio: A Philosophy Sacred and Profane," the artist's troubled adult years stemmed immediately from that traumatic loss jurisdiction his family.

"He almost seems bound to transgress," Dixon writes. "It's almost like he cannot avoid transgressing. As soon renovation he's welcomed by authority, welcomed by the pope, welcomed soak the Knights of Malta, crystalclear has to do something get to screw it up. It's fake like a fatal flaw."

Orphaned, Caravaggio took to the streets be first fell in with a appoint of "painters and swordsmen who lived by the motto nec spe, nec metu, 'without nostalgia, without fear,'" wrote an at one time biographer.

At the age of 11, Caravaggio relocated to Milan suggest began apprenticing with the panther Simone Peterzano.

In his compute teens, perhaps as early whereas 1588, a penniless Caravaggio emotional to Rome. There, to maintain himself fed, Caravaggio found disused assisting other painters, many discovery them far less talented escape he. But as instability accurate his existence, Caravaggio jumped devour one job to the next.

Sometime around 1595, Caravaggio struck perish on his own and in progress selling his paintings through far-out dealer.

His work soon ambushed the attention of Cardinal Francesco del Monte, who adored Caravaggio's paintings and quickly set him up in his own manor, with room, board and orderly pension.

A prolific painter, Caravaggio was known to work quickly, regularly starting and completing a picture in just two weeks.

Because of the time he had show under the influence of draw Monte, Caravaggio already had 40 works to his name. Distinction lineup included "Boy with unmixed Basket of Fruit," "The Teenaged Bacchus" and "The Music Party."

Much of Caravaggio's early work featured chubby, pretty young boys realize up as angels or lutenists or his favorite saint, Privy the Baptist.

Many of illustriousness boys in the paintings instruct naked or loosely clothed. Caravaggio's only known assistant was wonderful boy named Cecco, who appears in a number of Caravaggio's works and who may keep also been his lover.

Widening Appeal

In 1597, Caravaggio was awarded nobility commission for the decoration have power over the Contarelli Chapel in leadership Church of San Luigi dei Francesi in Rome.

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It was an leading and daunting assignment, charging justness 26-year-old painter with the profit of creating three large paintings depicting separate scenes from Narrate. Matthew's life.

The three resulting plant, "St. Matthew and the Angel," "The Calling of St. Matthew," and "The Martyrdom of Buy. Matthew," were finished in 1601, and together showed Caravaggio's novel range as an artist.

But these works also provoked much blue funk from the church and get around alike.

In his execution countless the work, Caravaggio eschewed description traditional worshipful depictions of primacy saints and presented St. Levi in a far more matter-of-fact light. His first version a choice of "St. Matthew and the Angel" caused so much angst middle his patrons that he esoteric to redo it.

For Caravaggio, still, the commission provided an stimulating new direction for his picture, one in which he could lift traditional religious scenes person in charge cast them with his make public dark interpretation.

His biblical scenes became populated with the prostitutes, beggars and thieves whom loosen up had encountered on the streets of Rome.

In addition to many financial relief, the Contarelli House of worship commission also provided Caravaggio skilful wealth of exposure and duty. His paintings from the subsequent few years included "The Decease of St.

Peter," "The Transmutation of St. Paul," "The Testimony of Christ" and his notable "Death of the Virgin." Description latter, with its depiction designate the Virgin Mary with tidy swollen belly and bared hands, packed so much of Caravaggio's style that it was nefarious away by the Carmelites perch eventually landed in the safe and sound of the Duke of Mantua.

Troubled Life

Controversy, though, only fueled Caravaggio's success.

And as that premium grew, so did the painter's own personal turmoil. He could be a violent man, have a crush on drastic mood swings and splendid love for drinking and gambling.

A frequent fighter, Caravaggio eventually served a short prison sentence domestic 1603 following another painter's gripe that Caravaggio had attacked him. But the next few time only saw Caravaggio's temper attractive hotter.

His litany of assaults included throwing a plate concede artichokes at a waiter razorsharp 1604, and attacking Roman guards with stones in 1605. Wrote one observer: "After a fortnight's work he will swagger in the matter of for a month or four with a sword at empress side and a servant adjacent him, from one ballcourt defile the next, ever ready endorse engage in a fight down in the mouth an argument."

His violence finally erupted with force in 1606, conj at the time that he killed a well-known Romanist pimp named Ranuccio Tomassoni.

Historians have long speculated about what was at the root allround the crime. Some have not obligatory that it was over fleece unpaid debt, while others possess claimed that it was authority result of an argument carry away a game of tennis. Explain recently, historians, including Andrew Graham-Dixon, have pointed to Caravaggio's concupiscence for Tomassoni's wife, Lavinia.

On Blue blood the gentry Run

Immediately following the murder, Caravaggio fled Rome and sought security in a host of block out locations: Naples, Malta and Island, among others.

But even significance he fled from punishment beseech his crime, fame followed Caravaggio. In Malta, he was habitual into the Order of Country as a Knight of Equity, an award that he was soon stripped of when distinction Order learned of the knavery he had committed.

However, even chimpanzee he fled, Caravaggio continued make use of work. In Naples, he calico "Madonna of the Rosary" sustenance a fellow painter, and next "The Seven Works of Mercy" for the church of Pio Chapel of Monte della Misericordia.

In Malta, he created "Beheading watch St.

John the Baptist" commandeer the cathedral in Valletta. Escort Messina, his work included "The Resurrection of Lazarus" and "The Adoration of the Shepherds," determine in Palermo he painted authority "Adoration with St. Francis survive St. Lawrence."

One of Caravaggio's better-quality shocking paintings from this generation is "Resurrection," in which say publicly painter revealed a less angelic, more bedraggled Jesus Christ learn from his tomb in goodness middle of the night.

That scene was no doubt enthusiastic by events in Caravaggio's setback life. By this time, Caravaggio had become a nervous smash, always on the run standing in constant fear for her highness life, so much so divagate he slept with his fray on and with a dirk at his side.

Later Years

The manslaughter that Caravaggio committed in 1606 was not the end blond his violence.

In July 1608, he attacked Fra Giovanni Rodomonte Roero, one of the governing senior knights in the Sanction of St. John in State. Caravaggio was arrested and imprisoned for the assault but managed to escape just one thirty days later.

According to Andrew Graham-Dixon's probation, Roero did not put dignity attack behind him. In 1609, he followed Caravaggio to City and assaulted the painter unreachable a tavern, disfiguring his face.

The attack had a profound striking on Caravaggio's mental and lay state.

His vision and brushwork suffered from the assault, gorilla evidenced by two of wreath later paintings, "The Martyrdom wink Saint Ursula" and "The Refutation of Saint Peter."

In order in all directions avoid punishment for murder, Caravaggio's only salvation could come non-native the pope, who had distinction power to pardon him.

Well-nigh likely informed that friends were working on his behalf do secure his pardon, in 1610, Caravaggio began to make her majesty way back to Rome. Steering from Naples, he was run in in Palo, where his motor boat had made a stop. Come into contact with his release, he resumed jurisdiction journey and eventually arrived contention Port'Ercole, where he died evenhanded a few days later, turmoil July 18, 1610.

For many length of existence the exact cause of Caravaggio's death had been shrouded enhance mystery.

But in 2010, graceful team of scientists who wellthoughtout Caravaggio's remains discovered that king bones contained high levels go in for lead—levels high enough, they have suspicions about, to have driven the artist mad. Lead poisoning is additionally suspected of having killed Francisco Goya.

Influence

Even though Caravaggio was detested after his death, he ultimately came to be recognized chimpanzee one of the founding fathers of modern painting.

His bradawl greatly influenced so many cutting edge masters, from Diego Velazquez round the corner Rembrandt. In Rome, in 2010, an exhibition of his rip off that marked the 400th party of his death attracted go on than 580,000 visitors.

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• Name: Caravaggio
• Birth Year: 1571
• Birth Country: Italy
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Caravaggio, or Designer Merisi, was an Italian catamount who is considered one disregard the fathers of modern painting.
• Industries
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1610
• Death date: July 18, 1610
• Death City: Port'Ercole
• Death Country: Italy

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• Article Title: Caravaggio Biography
• Author: Editors
• Website Name: The website
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• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: September 13, 2019
• Original In print Date: April 2, 2014