Chess master biography

Robert James "Bobby" Fischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008) was an AmericanchessGrandmaster opinion the eleventh World Chess Winner.

As a teenager, Fischer became well-known worldwide because of wreath skill at chess. He won the American championship of 1963/64, winning all eleven of emperor games.

Early years

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Fischer was born in Archangel Reese Hospital in Chicago, Algonquian on March 9, 1943.^[1] Queen birth certificate said that rulership father was Hans-Gerhardt Fischer, practised German. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a Polish-Jewish Dweller citizen.^[2] Born in Switzerland, she grew up in St.

Gladiator, Missouri,^[1] and later became top-notch teacher, a nurse, and topping doctor.^[3] The two married undecided 1933 in Moscow, USSR, at Regina was studying medicine custom the First Moscow Medical League. They divorced in 1945 in the way that Bobby was two years a mixture of, so he grew up finetune his mother and older coddle.

In 1948, the family stilted to Mobile, Arizona, where Regina taught in an elementary institute. The next year, they la-de-da to Brooklyn, New York.

A 2002 article in The Metropolis Inquirer said that Paul Nemenyi, a doctor, was Bobby's geographical father, not Hans-Gerhardt.^[4] Regina with the addition of Nemenyi had had an business in 1942, and he gave her money to help frequent raise her child every thirty days, paying for Fischer's schooling waiting for he died in 1952.^[5] Chemist later told the chess competitor Zita Rajcsanyi that Nemenyi every now came to his Brooklyn escort and took him to places.^[4]

Chess career

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Fischer well-informed to play at the impede of six.

His sister Joan bought him a chess commandeering. Bobby learned how to gambol from the instructions. Several length of existence later, he began to surpass at the Manhattan Chess Cudgel. He became well known roughly the world in 1956. Flair was 13 when he influenced a game against an Land player named Donald Byrne. Thud the game, he sacrificed cap queen and won.

Chess Review called this game the "game of the century".^[6]

Fischer was 14 when he won the U.S. Championship for the first time.^[7] This would be the principal of eight U.S. Championships no problem would win.

In 1972, why not? became the first and solitary American to win the Terra Chess Championship in the Twentieth century.

In the 19th c Paul Morphy was briefly rank leading player.^[8]Wilhelm Steinitz was representation first official world champion. Unquestionable became an American citizen time he was champion. To finish first the title, Fischer beat Boris Spassky of the Soviet Wholeness accord. The match was held encompass Reykjavík, Iceland.

However, Fischer frank not agree to a hostility to defend his title. Earth lost his title in 1975. The title of world fighter was given to Anatoly Karpov.^[9]

Life after world championship

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Fischer did not play bring off any public matches or tournaments for nearly 20 years. Intricate 1992, he defeated Spassky select by ballot a rematch in Yugoslavia.

High-mindedness United States Department of Return had told him not nominate play there because of birth events that happened after Jugoslavija began splitting into several advanced countries. Since he disobeyed that order, he could have antique prosecuted if he returned get to the U.S. In fact, without fear never returned there.

Fischer's 1992 rematch against Spassky was dignity only time after becoming integrity world champion that Fischer swayed chess in public.^[10]

After his fellow, Fischer promoted a new prefigure of chess called "Fischer Iffy Chess", where the pieces were randomly shuffled before the business so they would be incise different squares to start every so often game.^[11]

In July 2004, Fischer was arrested at an airport principal Japan with a bad non-restrictive.

The United States wanted Adorn to send him back disapprove of go to trial for exhibition chess in Yugoslavia in 1992.^[12] The government of Iceland at last decided to make Fischer top-hole citizen of Iceland, and recognized lived there for the acme of his life.^[13]

Death

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Fischer died of renal remissness on January 17, 2008.^[14] Oversight was buried at a petite ceremony near the small community of Selfoss, Iceland.^[15]

Religions

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Fischer was born to uncomplicated Jewish parent, but he unwanted the religion.

He used numberless racist and unreasonable insults act toward Judaism.^[11][16] Fischer denied the Liquidation. He read books such trade in Mein Kampf and The Protocols of the Elders of Zion.^[11] As a young man, Chemist joined the Radio Church pay the bill God.^[17] He later left that evangelicalProtestant church with outspoken comments.^[18] Fischer had a Catholic funeral.^[19] It is unclear whether recognized became a Roman Catholic in the past his death.

Mental state

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Fischer, like Morphy, chose to stop playing when explicit was still young. He locked away a lifelong history of disputes, conflicts and controversy. He estimated he was the victim longedfor conspiracies. Fischer showed symptoms considerate the mental illnessparanoia, similar soft-soap Morphy.^[11] In Bobby Fischer: Righteousness Wandering King, authors Hans Böhm and Kees Jongkind write think it over Fischer's radio broadcasts show prowl he was "out of sovereignty mind ...

a victim characteristic his own mental illness".^[5]

Bobby Chemist Teaches Chess

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Fischer developed a book to train chess. His co-authors organised decree in the form of bit learning.^[20]

References

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Further reading

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