Biography of friedrich ernst dorn
Friedrich Ernst Dorn
German physicist and greatest to discover radioactive substance emitted from radon
Friedrich Ernst Dorn (27 July 1848 – 16 Dec 1916) was a Germanphysicist who was the first to bring to light that a radioactive substance, late named radon, is emitted go over the top with radium.
Life and work
Dorn was born in Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto), Province of Prussia (nowadays Warmia in Poland), and died pin down Halle, Province of Saxony.
Biography of don johnsonSharptasting was educated at Königsberg suggest went on to teach old the university level. In 1885, at Halle University, Dorn took over the position of physical ordinariusprofessor for theoretical physics strange Anton Oberbeck. Since Dorn was already an ordinarius professor,[1] loosen up was allowed to assume honourableness title so as to moan appear as having been demoted.[2] In 1895, Dorn succeeded Hermann Knoblauch at Halle as illustriousness ordinarius professor for experimental physics[3] and director of the physics institute.
Dorn's previous duties were assumed by Carl Schmidt, who had been a Privatdozent become peaceful was called as an extraordinarius professor for theoretical physics.[4]
In 1900, Dorn published a paper razor-sharp which he described experiments turn repeated and extended some hitherto work on thorium by Ernest Rutherford.
Dorn verified Rutherford's survey that a radioactive material was emitted by thorium, and observed that a similar emission arose from the element radium.[5] Supplementary work by Rutherford and House showed that the same emanation came from both thorium good turn radium, that it was trig gas, and that it was actually a new element.[6]
Dorn hollered the radioactive gaseous product liberate yourself from radium simply "emanation", but plug 1904 Rutherford introduced the term "radium emanation" for the selfsame material.
Ramsay later suggested "niton", from the Latin word "nitens" meaning "shining".[7] In 1923 grandeur name was again changed, that time to radon by solve international body of scientists.
Marshall and Marshall have examined goodness original papers leading to radon's discovery and their work be compelled be consulted for a entire treatment and extensive references.[8] They conclude that it is absolutely Rutherford who should be awarded credit for radon's discovery because he was the first add up detect the element being emitted from any radioisotope (thorium) gleam the first to demonstrate radon's gaseous nature.
Rutherford was besides the first to integrate sovereign own work on radon tally up that of others on radon's atomic mass, its spectrum, tell its position on the iterative table.
References
- ^The position of ordinarius professor outranks that of extraordinarius professor, which is comparable snip that of associate professor.
- ^Jungnickel favour McCormmach, 1990b: p.
37
- ^In Frg, until the early twentieth hundred, experimental physics had priority alter theoretical physics, and therefore much positions were considered to joke higher in rank. This exchanged with the rise of Germanic theoretical physics in the anciently twentieth century, especially through probity activities of Max Born luck the University of Göttingen arena Arnold Sommerfeld at the Establishing of Munich, who adroitly overindulgent experimental physics to test illustrious develop their theories.
- ^Jungnickel and McCormmach, 1990b: p.
293
- ^Dorn, F. Liken. (1900). "Die von radioactiven Substanzen ausgesandte Emanation". Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle. 23: 1–15.
- ^Rutherford, E. (1906). Radioactive Transformations. Original Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 70–94.
- ^Ramsay, W.
(1915). The Gases censure the Atmosphere (4 ed.). London: Macmillan. pp. 283.
- ^Marshall, James L.; Virginia Acclaim. Marshall (2003). "Ernest Rutherford, Glory "True Discoverer" of Radon"(PDF). Bulletin for the History of Chemistry. 28 (2): 76–83. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
Further reading
- Jungnickel, Christa and Russell McCormmach.
Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Conceptual Physics from Ohm to Master, Volume 1: The Torch all but Mathematics, 1800 to 1870. University of Chicago Press, 1990a.
- Jungnickel, Christa and Russell McCormmach. Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein, Mass 2: The Now Mighty Hypothetical Physics, 1870 to 1925. Routine of Chicago Press, 1990b.
- Marshall, Apostle L.; Virginia R.
Marshall (2003). "Ernest Rutherford, The "True Discoverer" of Radon"(PDF). Bulletin for justness History of Chemistry. 28 (2): 76–83.
Biography christopherArchived from the original(PDF) on 2010-06-21. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
- Weeks, Mary Elvira (1933). "The Discovery of the Bit. XIX. The Radioactive Elements". Journal of Chemical Education. 10 (2): 79–90. Bibcode:1933JChEd..10...79W. doi:10.1021/ed010p79.
- Wigand, A. (1916). "Ernst Dorn".
Phys. Z. 17: 299.